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In addition, 6 of the 10 remaining apps reviewed in stage 2 were specifically designed for health care translation purposes. However, 5 apps were excluded before stage 2. In addition, 6 apps were restricted to using preset health phrases, whereas 1 app used a combination of free input and preset phrases. Of these, 8 apps contained voice-to-voice and voice-to-text translation options. Results: In total, 15 apps were evaluated.

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Apps that enabled key aspects of care normally within the realm of professional interpreters, such as assessment, treatment and discharge planning, and seeking consent for medical treatments, were considered unsuitable. Stage 2 was the analysis of suitability for everyday communication in the health care setting, conducted by 2 independent professionals with expertise in translation and cross-cultural communication.

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Stage 1 was the feature analysis conducted by 2 independent researchers, where apps were evaluated for offline use, input and output methods, and number of languages. Apps that met inclusion criteria were reviewed in 2 stages. Criteria for inclusion were that the apps were available at no cost, able to translate at least one of the top 10 languages spoken in Australia, and available for use on iPad. Methods: Translation apps were identified by searching the Apple iTunes Store and published and grey literature. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate iPad-compatible language translation apps to determine their suitability for enabling everyday conversations in health care settings.

However, many of these technologies have not been developed for health care settings and their use has not been evaluated. With the emergence of mobile technologies, health care workers are increasingly using digital translation tools to fill this gap. Use of professional interpreters is considered the gold standard however, for a variety of reasons, it is often limited to key aspects of care such as diagnosis and consent. People without proficient English from non-English speaking countries may not receive equitable care if their health care workers do not speak their primary language.

JMIR Biomedical Engineering 57 articlesДЇrances Batchelor, BAppSc, GradDipEd, MHS, PhDД®mail: Currently, over 300 languages are spoken in Australian homes.

JMIR Perioperative Medicine 59 articles.

Journal of Participatory Medicine 67 articles.

JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies 158 articles.

JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting 212 articles.

Interactive Journal of Medical Research 231 articles.

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 882 articles.

Journal of Medical Internet Research 6617 articles.

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